Fecundidad de nacionales y extranjeros en España, Italia y Grecia durante y después de la recesión económica y la crisis de los refugiados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/INGEO.19061Palabras clave:
España, Italia, Grecia, extranjeros, nacionales, fecundidad periódica, crisis económica, crisis de refugiados.Resumen
Este artículo ofrece una visión general de las tendencias de la fecundidad de las mujeres extranjeras y nacionales en Grecia, España e Italia durante la última década y antes de la pandemia del Covid. Se centra especialmente en la fecundidad de las extranjeras y la compara con la de las “nacionales”. El análisis principal se centra en un periodo marcado, primero, por la recesión y el estancamiento económico, y luego, por la reciente ola de la “crisis de refugiados”. La fecundidad de los extranjeros en los tres países del sur del Mediterráneo difiere significativamente de la de los nacionales, ya que los primeros tienen tasas de fecundidad más altas y una edad media de maternidad más baja. Sin embargo, aunque los extranjeros contribuyen en gran medida a los nacimientos, su impacto en la fecundidad periódica (TFR) es limitado. Al mismo tiempo, aunque la fecundidad de ambos grupos disminuyó durante los primeros años de la recesión, la TFR de los extranjeros cayó más rápidamente en términos absolutos y relativos en Italia y Grecia. Sin embargo, a partir de 2014, la fecundidad del periodo de los extranjeros difiere entre los tres países, ya que en España e Italia se observa una estabilización relativa, mientras que los indicadores aumentan en Grecia. Esta divergencia se debe a los diferentes cambios de composición de los extranjeros asentados después de 2014 en los tres países estudiados y a la fuerte recuperación de los nacimientos de extranjeros en Grecia, ya que su fecundidad se vio mucho más afectada por la recesión.Financiación
Fundación Helénica para la Investigación y la Innovación (Proyecto de investigación "Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (Research Project ‘Demographic Imperatives in Research and Practices in Greece’).Citas
Adserà, A., & Ferrer, A. (2015). Immigrants and demography: Marriage, divorce, and fertility. In Chiswick, B.R., & Miller, P.W. (Eds.). Handbook of the economics of international migration (pp. 315–374). Oxford and Amsterdam: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-44453764-5.00007-4
Alderotti, G., Mussino, E., & Comolli, C. (2019). Natives and migrants’ childbearing during the great recession: A comparison between Italy and Sweden. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, 17. Retrieved from https://su.figshare.com/articles/preprint/Natives_and_Migrants_Childbearing_during_the_Great_Recession_A_Comparison_between_Italy_and_Sweden/8175446/1
Alders, M. (2000). Cohort fertility of migrant women in the Netherlands. In Paper presented at the BSPSNVD-URU Conference in Utrecht (the Netherlands).
Andersson, G. (2004). Childbearing after migration: fertility patterns of foreign-born women in Sweden, International Migration Review, 38(2), 747−774. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00216.x
Arango, J. (2000). Becoming a country of immigration at the end of the twentieth century: The case of Spain. In R. King, G. Lazaridis, & C. Tsardanidis (Eds.), Eldoradoor Fortress? Migration in Southern Europe (pp. 253−276). London: Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780333982525_12
Arslan, C., Dumont, J.C., Kone, Z., Moullan, Z., Ozden, Z., Parsons, C., & Xenogiani, T. (2014). A new profile of migrants in the aftermath of the recent economic crisis. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 160). https://doi.org/10.1787/1815199X
Arslan, C., Dumont, J.C., Kone, Z., Moullan, Z., Ozden, Z., Parsons, C., & Xenogiani, T. (2016). International Migration to the OECD in the 21st Century.
Ayllon, S. (2019). Job insecurity and fertility in Europe. Review of Economics of the Household, 17, 1321– 1347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-019-09450-5
Bagavos C., Tsimbos, C., & Verropoulou, G. (2008). Native and migrant fertility patterns in Greece: A cohort approach. European Journal of Population, 24(3), 245−263.
Bagavos, C. (2019). On the multifaceted impact of migration on the fertility of receiving countries: Methodological insights and contemporary evidence for Europe, the United States, and Australia, Demographic Research, 41(1), 1−36.
Bagavos, C., Verropoulou, G., & Tsimbos, C. (2018). Assessing the contribution of foreign women to period fertility in Greece, 2004-2012. Population, 73(1), 115−130. https://doi.org/10.3917/popu.1801.0119
Barbieri, P., Bozzon, R., Scherer, S., Grotti, R., & Lugo, M. (2015). The rise of a Latin model? Family and fertility consequences of employment instability in Italy and Spain. European societies, 17(4), 423−446. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2015.1064147
Bayona-i-Carrasco, J., Thiers Quintana, J., & Avila-Tàpies, R. (2017). Economic recession and the reverse of internal migration flows of Latin American immigrants in Spain. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 43(15), 2499–2518. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1296354
Bellido, H., & Marcen, M. (2016). Fertility and the Business Cycle: The European Case. Munich.
Bermudez, A., & Brey, E. (2017). Is Spain becoming a Country of Emigration Again?. In J.M. Lafleur & M. Stanek (Eds.), South-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis (pp. 83−98). IMISCOE Research Series. Springer, Cham.
Bonifazi, C. (2013). L’Italia delle migrazioni. Bologna : Il Mulino.
Bonifazi, C., & Strozza, S. (2017). Le migrazioni internazionali nei paesi meridionali dell’Unione Europea prima e dopo la crisi. In E. Ferragina (Ed.), Rapporto sulle economie del Mediterraneo (pp. 161– 184). Bologna: il Mulino.
Breton, D., Barbieri, M., Belliot,B., d’Albis, H., & Mazuy, M. (2019). L’évolution démographique récente de la France: une singularité en Europe?. Population, 74(4), 409−497. https://doi.org/10.3917/popu.1904.0409
Bueno, X., & Devolder, D. (2012). Age at Migration and Fertility Patterns in Spain: Differences by Origin and Length of Stay. Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics: Barcelona.
Burkimsher, M., Rossier, C., & Wanner, P. (2018). Who has more children in Switzerland? Swiss or foreign women? Why the TFR is a misleading measure. LIVES Working Paper 73.
Caltabiano, M., Comolli, C.L., & Rosina, A. (2017). The effect of the Great Recession on permanent childlessness in Italy. Demographic Research, 37, 635−668. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2017.37.20
Camarota, S., & Zeigler, K. (2015). The declining fertility of immigrants and natives. Washington, D.C.: Center for Immigration Studies. Retrieved from http://cis.org/sites/cis.org/files/camarota-decliningfertility.pdf
Castro-Martín, T., & Rosero-Bixby, L. (2011). Motherhood and transnational borders: Immigrants’ women fertility in Spain. Revista Internacional de Sociologia, 69, 105–137.
Cazzola, A., Pasquini, L., & Angeli, L. (2016). The relationship between unemployment and fertility in Italy. Demographic Research, 34(1), 1−38. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2016.34.1
Cerrutti, M., & Maguid, A. (2016). Crisis económica en España y el retorno de inmigrantes sudamericanos. Migraciones Internacionales, 8(3), 155–189.
Coleman, D. (1994). Trends in fertility and intermarriage among immigrant populations in Western Europe as measures of integration. Journal of Biosocial Science, 26, 107−136. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932000021106
Colombo, A., & Dalla Zuanna, G. P. (2019). Immigration Italian Style, 1977–2018. Population and Development Review, 45(3), 585–615. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12275
Comolli, C. L. (2017). The fertility response to the Great Recession in Europe and the United States: Structural economic conditions and perceived economic uncertainty. Demographic Research, 36, 1549–1600. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2017.36.51
Comolli, Ch. L., & Vignoli, D. (2019). Spread-ing uncertainty, shrinking birth rates. Econometrics Working Papers Archive 2019_08, Universita’ degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Statistica, Informatica, Applicazioni “G. Parenti”. Retrieved from https://local.disia.unifi.it/wp_disia/2019/wp_disia_2019_08.pdf
Cornelius, W. A. (2004). Spain: the uneasy transition from labor exporter to labor importer. In W.A. Cornelius, P. L. Martin, & J.F. Hollifield (Eds.), Controlling immigration: aglobal perspective, 2nd edition (pp. 387–429). Standford, C.A.: Stanford University Press.
Dantis, Ch., & Rizzi, E.L. (2020). Transition to first birth during the Great Recession: the case of Greece. Genus, 76. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0070-1
De Bartolo, G., & Stranges, M. (2008). Stime della fecondità delle straniere in Italia per nazionalità attraverso l’applicazione di funzioni matematiche. Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, LXII, 351−357.
Del Rey, A., & Grande, R. (2015). A Longitudinal Analysis on Reproduction Behavior. In A. Domingo, A. Sabater, and R. Verdugo (Eds.), Demographic analysis of Latin American immigrants in Spain: From boom to bust (pp. 133–154). New York: Springer.
Del Rey, A., & Parrado, E. (2012). The Fertility of Immigrant Women: Family Dynamics, Migration, and Timing of Childbearing. Paper supported by the project CSO2010-16413 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and by the Ramon y Cajal Fellowship. Retrieved from https://epc2012.princeton.edu/papers/120243
Delgado, M., & Zamora López, F. (2003). Españolas y extranjeras: su aportación a la fecundidad en España. Economistas, 99, 88−97.
Delgado, M., & Zamora López, F. (2006). La contribución de las mujeres extranjeras a la dinámica demográfica en España. Sistema, (190-191), 143−166.
Devolder, D. (2006). La natalidad y la fecundidad de extranjeros en Cataluna. Barcelona: Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics, Papers de Demografía, 291. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/288483604.pdf
Devolder, D., & Bueno, X. (2011). Effects of migration on fertility patterns of non native women in Spain. Barcelona: Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics, Papers de Demografía, 382. Retrieved from https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/worpap/2011/221050/papersdemografia_a2011n382.pdf
Devolder, D., & Treviño, R. (2007). Efectos de la inmigración extranjera sobre la evolución de la natalidad de la fecundidad en España. Barcelona: Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics, Papers de Demografía, 321.
Domingo, A., & Ortega-Rivera, E. (2015). Acquisition of nationality as Migration Policy. In A. Domingo, A. Sabater, and R. Verdugo (Eds.), Demographic analysis of Latin American immigrants in Spain: From boom to bust (pp. 29–54). New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3319-12361-5_2
Dubuc, S. (2012). Immigration to the UK from high-fertility countries: Intergenerational adaptation and fertility convergence. Population and Development Review, 38(2), 353–368. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/288483604.pdf
ELSTAT (2020a). 2011 Population and Housing Censuses. Retrieved from https://www.statistics.gr/en/statistics/pop
ELSTAT (2020b). Estimated population of Greece. Retrieved from https://www.statistics.gr/en/statistics/-/publication/SPO18
Escribano, A. I. (2006). Demografiía de los extranjeros, incidencia en el crecimiento de la población. Bilbao: Fundación BBVA.
European Commission (2016-2019). European Economy forecast. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
EUROSTAT (2020). Population and social conditions. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database, (demography and migration).
Ferrara, R., Giorgi P., Mamolo, M., & Stroza, S. (2009). Fertility in Italy and Spain: What is the roleplayed by foreigners? A decomposition model results. Paper presented at the XXVI IUSSP International Population Conference. Marrakech, Morocco, 27 September – 2 October 2009.
Fiori, F., Graham, E., & Rinesi, F. (2018). Economic reasons for not wanting a second child: Changes before and after the onset of the economic recession in Italy. Demographic Research, 38, 843–854. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2018.38.30
Ford, K. (1990). Duration of residence in the United States and the fertility of U.S. immigrants. International Migration Review, 24(1), 34–68.
Gabrielli, G., Paterno, A., & Strozza, S. (2007). Dynamics, Characteristics and Demographic Behaviour of Immigrants in Some South-European Countries. In Characteristics and Demographic Behaviour of Immigrants in Different South-European Contexts. Lomonosov University, Moscow, Volume: Migration and Development. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gabrielli-Giuseppe/publication/259867250_Dynamics_Characteristics_and_Demographic_Behaviour_of_Immigrants_in_Some_South-European_Countries/links/0deec52e3b7a6239f8000000/Dynamics-Characteristics-and-Demographic-Behaviour-of-Immigrants-in-Some-South-European-Countries.pdf
Gebremariam, W., & Beaujot, R. (2010). Fertility behavior of immigrants in Canada: Converging trends. London: Populations Studies Centre, University of Western Ontario (PSC Discussion Papers Series 10-05). Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1138&context=pscpapers
Giannantoni, P., Mussino, E., Gabrielli, G., & Strozza, S. (2016). How many and when? Different approaches to study fertility of migrants in Italy. Retrieved from https://epc2016.princeton.edu/papers/161007
Giannantoni, P., Ortensi, L. E., Strozza, S., & Gabrielli, G. (2019). La fecondita degli stranieri: misure e determinants. In ISTAT (Ed.), Vita e percorsi di integrazione degli immigrati in Italia (pp. 101−121). Rome: ISTAT.
Giannantoni, P., & Strozza, S. (2015). Foreigners’ contribution to the evolution of fertility in Italy: A re-examination of the decade 2001-2011. Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, 69(2), 129−140.
Goldstein, J. R., Kreyenfeld, M., Jasilioniene, A., & Orsal, D. D. K. (2013). Fertility reactions to the ‘Great Recession’ in Europe. Demographic Research, 29(4), 85–104. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2013.29.4
González-Ferrer, A., Castro-Martín, T., & Kraus, E. (2015). Childbearing among women of immigrant and non-immigrant origin in Spain. Country-specific case studies on fertility among the descendants of immigrants. Families & Societies. Working Paper Series, 39. Retrieved from http://www.familiesandsocieties.eu
González-Ferrer, A., Castro-Martín, T., Kraus, E.K., & Eremenko, T. (2017). Childbearing patterns among immigrant women and their daughters in Spain: Over-adaptation or structural constraints? Demographic Research, 37(1), 599−634. http://www.familiesandsocieties.eu
González-Ferrer, A., & Trilla, C. (2011). Naturalisation decisions in Spain. The importance of legal assymetrics. Communication at PAA 2011 Conference. Retrieved from https://paa2011.princeton.edu/papers/112356
Graham, E., Sabater, A., & Fiori, F. (2016). Fertility change in the context of economic recession in Italy and Spain. ESRC Centre for Population Change, Briefing 36. Retrieved from https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/399527/1/Briefing_36_Fertility_Change_in_the_Context_of_Economic_Recession.pdf
Guerrizio, M. A., Sonnino, E., & Strozza, S. (2003). La fecondità degli stranieri in Italia: tra indizi e valutazionipresuntive. In E. Sonnino (Ed.), La popolazione straniera in Italia (1986-1996): matrimoni, nascite, stimedi fecondità (pp. 107–140). Rome: Collana del Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche, Sapienza University of Rome.
Hierro-Hernández, M.J., & Torre-Fernández, M. (2010). ¿Querer es poder? Un análisis de la fecundidad de las mujeres españolas e inmigrantes. Madrid: Fundación Alternativas (Estudios de Progreso 49).
Impicciatore, R., Gabrielli, G., & Paterno A. (2020). Migrants’ fertility in Italy: A comparison between origin and destination. European Journal of Population 1−27.
INE (2020). INEbase (Demography and population). Retrieved from https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176951&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735572981)
ISTAT (2020). Population and households. Retrieved from https://www.istat.it/en
King, R., & Okólski, M. (2019). Diverse, fragile and fragmented: The new map of European migration. Central and Eastern European Migration Review, 8(1), 9–32.
Kotzamanis, B. (2018). La crise actuelle en Grèce et ses conséquences sur la population. In V. Golaz, C. Lefevre, & J. Veron (Eds.), La crise dix ans après. Quels effets sur la conjoncture démographique des pays d’Europe du Sud ?, Documents de travail, 239 (pp. 21–45). Paris : Ined.
Kotzamanis, B., Carella, M., Duquenne, M.N., & Pappas, V. (2020). Asylum seekers into southern European countries (Greece, Italy, Spain) over the last decade: a first comparative approach. In J.D. Sempere Souvannavong, C. Cortés Samper, E. Cutillas Orgilés & J.R. Valero Escandell (Eds.), Población y territorio. España tras la crisis (pp. 299–312). Granada: Comares.
Kotzamanis, B., & Karkanis, D. (2018). International migrations in Greece during the last decades: inversion of tendencies and refugees waves. In B. Kotzamanis & A. Parant (Eds.), Regards sur la population de l’Europe du Sud-est/ Viewpoints on Population in South-East Europe (pp. 299–309). Athens : Demobalk,
Kotzamanis, B., & Karkanis D. (2019). Foreigners can give a solution to the low fertility of Greece’s population. Demographic News, 36 (in Greek). Retrieved from http://www.e-demography.gr/news/docs/eDemography_News_Doc_00016_gr.pdf
Kotzamanis, B., Kostaki, A., & Baltas, B. (2017). The evolution of Period fertility in Greece and Its changes During the Current Economic Recession. Population Review, 56(2), 127–145
Kotzamanis, B., & Sofianopoulou, K. (2008). The contribution of foreigners to the fertility of the population of Greece (in Greek). DemoNews, 1. Retrieved from http://www.demography-lab.prd.uth.gr/DemoNews/1-SepOkt08.pdf
Kraus, E., & Castro-Martín, T. (2017). Does Migrant Background Matter for Adolescents’ Fertility Preferences? The Latin American 1.5 Generation in Spain. Eur J Population.
Kreyenfeld, M., Anderson, G., & Pailhe, A. (2012). Economic uncertainty and family dynamics in Europe; Introduction. Demographic Research, 27(28), 835–852. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2012.27.28
Kulu, H. (2005). Migration and fertility: Competing hypotheses re-examined. European Journal of Population, 21(1), 51–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-005-3581-8
Kulu, H., & González-Ferrer, A. (2014). Family Dynamics Among Immigrants and Their Descendants in Europe: Current Research and Opportunities. Eur J Population, 30, 411–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-014-9322-0
Kulu, H., Hannemann, T., Pailhé, A., Neels, K., Rahnu, L., Puur, A., & Persson, L. (2015). A comparative study on fertility among the descendants of immigrants in Europe. Families and Societies, Working paper Series, 40, 1−34.
Kulu, H., Milewski, N., Hannemann, T., & Mikolai, J. (2019). A decade of lifecourse research on fertility of immigrants and their descendants in Europe. Demographic Research, 40(46), 1345−1374. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2019.40.46
Labrianidis,L., & Pratsinakis, M. (2016). Greece’s new emigration at time of Crisis. European Insitute, Hellenic Observatory Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe, 99. Retrieved from https://www.lse.ac.uk/Hellenic-Observatory/Assets/Documents/Publications/GreeSE-Papers/GreeSE-No99.pdf
Lanzieri, G. (2013). Towards a ‘baby recession’ in Europe? Differential fertility trends during the economic crisis, Statistics in Focus, 13. Retrieved from http://gesd.free.fr/kssf1313.pdf
Larramona, G. (2013). Out-migration of immigrants in Spain. Population, 222(68), 249–271. https://doi.org/10.3917/popu.1302.0249
Mamolo, M., & Ferrara, R. (2009). Il contributo delle donne immigrate alla fecondità in Italia e in Spagna. Neodemos.Florence. Retrieved from http://www.neodemos.info/articoli/ilcontributo-delle-donne-immigrate-alla-fecondit-in-italia-e-in-spagna/
Matysiak, A., Vignoli, D., & Sobotlka, T. (2020). The Great recession and fertility in Europe: a Subnational Analysis. European Journal of Population. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-020-09556-y
Milewski, N. (2010). Fertility of immigrants. A two-generational approach in Germany. Hamburg: Springer Demographic Research Monographs. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03705-4
Mussino, E., & Cantali, S. (2020). Multiple-origin and Multiple-destination: the fertility of migrants in Europe. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, 47.
Mussino, E., Gabrielli, G., Ortensi, L.E., & Strozza, S. (2020). Fertility Intentions Within a 3-Year Time Frame: a Comparison Between Migrant and Native Italian women. Journal of International Migration and Integration. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-020-00800-2
Mussino, E., Gabrielli, G., Paterno, A., Strozza, S., & Terzera, L. (2012). Il comportamento riproduttivo e le strategie migratorie degli stranieri presenti in Lombardia. Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica, LXVI(1), 197−204.
Mussino, E., Gabrielli, G., Paterno, A., Strozza, S., & Terzera, L. (2015). Motherhood of foreign women in Lombardy: Testing the effects of migration by citizenship. Demographic Research, 33(23), 653–664. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2015.33.23
Mussino, E., Iaccarino, C., Prati, S., & Strozza, S. (2009). Short-term reproductive behaviour of foreign women who became mothers between 2002-2006 in Italy. In Vienna Yearbook of Population Research (pp. 63−82).
Mussino, E., & Strozza, S. (2012a). The fertility of immigrants after arrival: The Italian case. Demographic Research, 26(4), 97–130. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2012.26.4
Mussino, E. & Strozza, S. (2012b). Does citizenship still matter? Second birth risks of resident foreigners in Italy. European Journal of Population, 28(3), 269−302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-012-9261-6
Mussino, E., & Van Raalte, E. (2013). Immigrant fertility: A comparative study between Italy and Russia. International Migration, 51(2), 148–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2012.00760.x
Natale, M., & Strozza, S. (1997). Gli immigrati stranieri in Italia. Quanti sono, chi sono, come vivono?. Bari: Cacucci Editore.
OECD (2014). Society at a Glance 2014: OECD Social Indicators. Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/soc_glance-2014-en
OECD. (2015). Indicators of Immigrant Integration 2015: Settling In. Paris: OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264234024-en
OECD (2019). International Migration Outlook 2019. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/c3e35eec-en
Ortensi L.E. (2012). La fecondità delle straniere. In G.C. Blangiardo (Ed.), L’immigrazione straniera in Lombardia L’undicesima indagine regionale. Milano: Osservatorio Regionale per l’integrazione e la Multietnicità, Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236109100_La_fecondita_delle_straniere
Ortensi, L.E. (2015). Engendering the fertility/migration nexus: The role of women’s migratory patterns in the analysis of fertility after migration. Demographic Research, 32(53), 1435−1468. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2015.32.53
Østby, L. (2002). The demographic characteristics of immigrant populations in Norway. Reports, 2002/22, Oslo: Statistics Norway.
Paggiaro, A. (2013). How do immigrants fare during the downturn? Evidence from matching comparable natives. Demographic Research, 28(8), 229−258. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2013.28.8
Persson, L., & Hoem, M. J (2014). Immigrant fertility in Sweden, 2000–2011: A descriptive note. Demographic Research, 30(30), 887–898. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2014.30.30
Pissarides, Chr., Vafianos, D., Vettas, N., & Megir, K. (2020). Growth plan for Greek economy, intermediate report (in Greek). Retrieved from https://government.gov.gr/schedio-anaptixis-gia-tinelliniki-ikonomia-endiamesi-ekthesi.
Prieto-Rosas, V., & Quintero-Lesmes, D.C. (2018). Migration responses of immigrants in Spain during the Great Recession. Demographic Research, 38(61), 1885−1932. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2018.38.61
Puig-Barrachina, V., Rodríguez-Sanz, M., Domínguez-Berjón, M.F., Martín, U., Luque, M. Á., Ruiz, M., & Perez, G. (2019). Decline in fertility induced by economic recession in Spain. Gaceta Sanitaria, 34(3), 238-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.05.011
Recaño, J., Roig, M., & de Miguel, V. (2015). Spain: A new gravity centre for Latin American migration. In A. Domingo, A. Sabater, and R. Verdugo (Eds.), Demographic analysis of Latin American immigrants in Spain: From boom to bust (pp. 181–209). New York: Springer.
Roig Vila, M., & Castro-Martín, T. (2007a). Immigrant Mothers, Spanish Babies: Childbearing Patterns of Foreign Women in Spain. Documentos de trabajo, 17, 5−38.
Roig Vila M., & Castro-Martín, T. (2007b). Childbearing patterns of foreign women in a new immigration country: The case of Spain. Population-E, 62(3), 351−380. https://doi.org/10.3917/pope.703.0351
Rojas, E.A.G., Bernardi, L., & Schmid, F. (2018). First and second births among immigrants and their descendants in Switzerland. Demographic Research, 38, 247−286. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2018.38.11
Sabater, A., & Graham, E. (2019). International Migration and Fertility Variation in Spain during the Economic Recession: A Spatial Durbin Approach, Apl. Spatial Analysis, 12, 515–546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-018-9255-9
Schoorl, J. (1995). Fertility trends of immigrant populations. In S. Voets, J. Schoorl and B. de Bruijn (Eds.), The Demographic Consequences of International Migration (pp. 97–121). Proceedings of the symposium, NIAS, Wasenaar, 27–29 September 1990. Report No. 44, The Hague: NIDI.
Sobotka, T. (2008). Overview Chapter 7: The rising importance of migrants for childbearing in Europe. Demographic Research, 19(9), 225−248. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2008.19.9
Sobotka T. (2010). Les migrants exercent-ils une influence croissante sur la fécondité en Europe ?. Politiques sociales et familiales, 100, 41−59. https://doi.org/10.3406/caf.2010.2525
Sobotka, T. (2017). Migrant Fertility in Europe: Accelerated Decline During the Great Recession Period?. Conference “The Fertility of Migrants and Minorities”, Hannover (Germany).
Sobotka, T., Skirbekk, V., & Philipov, D. (2011). Economic recession and fertility in the developed world. A literature review. Population and Development Review, 37(2), 267−306. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00411.x
Sofianopoulou, L., & Siapati, G. (2009). Fertility of Albanians in Albania and Greece at the beginning of the 21st century: A spatial approach (in Greek). In Proceedings of the 2nd Panhellenic Conference on Urban Planning, Spatial Planning and Regional Development, Volume III, (pp. 1405−1412). University Press of Thessaly, Volos. Retrieved from http://www.demography-lab.prd.uth.gr/SOFIANOPOULOU_SIAPATI_2.pdf
Strozza, S., & De Santis, G. (Eds.) (2017). Rapporto sulla popolazione. Le molte facce della presenza stranierain Italia. Bologna: il Mulino.
Strozza, S., Labadia, C., & Ferrara, R. (2007). Il contributo delle donne straniere all’evoluzione recente della fecondità italiana. Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, LXI(3-4), 419–428.
Testa, M.R., & Stuart, B. (2012). Have lifetime fertility intentions declined during the Great Recession?. Vienna Institute of Demography Working Papers, 9. Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/96972/1/756764084.pdf
Tintori, G., & Romei, V. (2017). Emigration from Italy After the Crisis: The Shortcomings of the Brain Drain Narrative. In J.M. Lafleur, & M. Stanek (Eds.), South-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis (pp. 49−64). IMISCOE Research Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/9783-319-39763-4_4
Tønnessen, M., & Wilson, B. (2020). Visualising Immigrant Fertility – Profiles of Childbearing and their Implications for Migration Research. Journal of International Migration and Integration. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s12134-020-00762-5
Tragaki, A., & Bagavos, C. (2019). Fertility variations in the recession context: the case of Greece. Genus, 75, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0066-x
Tsimbos, C. (2008). Immigrant and native fertility in Greece: New estimates and population prospects (2005-2025). Population Review, 47(2), 67−84.
Vignoli, D., Tocchioni, V., & Mattei, A. (2019). The impact of job uncertainty on first-birth postponement. Advances in Life Course Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2019.100308
Vitali, A., & Billari, F. C. (2017). Changing determinants of low fertility and diffusion: A spatial analysis for Italy. Population Space and Place, 23(2), e1998. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1998
Volant, S., Pison, G., & Héran, Fr. (2019). French fertility is the highest in Europe. Because of its immigrants?. Population & Societies, 568.
UN, Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2019a). World Fertility data 2019. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/dataset/fertility/wfd2019.asp
UN, Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2019b). World Population Prospects, Fertility estimates and projections, Fertility data. Retrieved from https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Fertility
Descargas
Estadísticas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Byron Kotzamanis
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Los autores/as que publican en Investigaciones Geográficas están de acuerdo en los siguientes términos:
- Derechos de autor: La autoría conserva los derechos sobre sus trabajos, aunque cede de forma no exclusiva los derechos de explotación (reproducción, edición, distribución, comunicación pública y exhibición) a la revista. Los autores/as son, por tanto, libres de hacer acuerdos contractuales adicionales independientes para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, alojarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), siempre que medie un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Manifiesto: Los autores aseguran que Investigaciones Geográficas es el primer medio que publica su obra y garantizan que mientras se encuentra en fase de valoración y posible publicación en nuestra revista no se ha enviado, ni enviará a otros medios.
- Licencia: Los trabajos se publican bajo una licencia Creative Commons de Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional, salvo que se indique lo contrario. Esto es que se puede compartir y adaptar el material siempre que no se use con fines comerciales, se distribuya bajo la misma licencia del original, se realice atribución a la autoría y al primer medio que publica y se proporcione un enlace a la licencia. Igualmente hay que indicar si se han realizado cambios.
- Política de autoarchivo: Se permite y alienta a los autores/as a difundir electrónicamente el artículo final publicado (versión del editor) en Investigaciones Geográficas (como en repositorios institucionales, en su página web, ...) con el fin de lograr intercambios productivos y conseguir que la obra logre mayor citación (véase The Effect of Open Access, en inglés).
